Surgical oncology, also known as malignant neoplastic disease or simply cancer oncological surgery, is a branch of medicine used to treat cancer; it primarily focuses on the surgical treatment of tumors, particularly cancerous tumors. Oncology includes many sub-specialties, including nephrology (diagnose and cure cancer), oncopathology (study the mechanisms of cancer and treat it), and chemotherapy (target tumors with drugs).
In most cases of cancer, the tumor must be removed surgically, usually through the use of one of the three most commonly used invasive methods: thoracotomy, periarterial excision, and endoscopic thoracotomy. However, some cancers, including colorectal, pancreatic, bladder, and ovarian cancers, may not require surgery. Surgical procedures used to remove tumors include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, cryotherapy, surgery, and other non-surgical techniques. The type of surgery depends on the type of cancer, with breast and prostate cancer being treated differently from ovarian and pancreatic cancers.
Onco surgery was originally developed to remove benign tumors that are suspected of being cancerous. Today, however, oncologists use more radical techniques when removing tumors, as the survival rate for cancer is increasing, thus increasing the need for invasive methods. If the tumor has spread to a significant area, such as lungs or abdomen, a patient may need to undergo chemotherapy. When it’s removed surgically, chemotherapy can cause significant side effects, such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss.
One of the most common procedures performed by an oncologist is breast cancer surgery. This procedure involves removing the entire breast, along with the affected nipple and areola, in order to control the spread of cancer and reduce the risk of cancer spreading to surrounding tissue. Other common procedures include removal of breast lymph nodes and skin, removal of breast tissue, and removal of tissue from the abdomen or chest.
Surgery is only required in the case of a cancer that is considered to be inoperable. In this case, the doctor may remove the entire tumor or just part of it, depending on how large the cancer is. Most breast cancers don’t require surgery, but in these cases the doctor may perform an operation known as a mastopexy.
Oncologists can perform many more procedures than those mentioned here, depending on the type of cancer that they are treating and its stage. size, location, and risk of spreading.
Before the surgery is performed, patients are carefully evaluated by a board certified Oncologist to ensure that he or she is a good candidate for surgery and that the procedure will not cause any unnecessary complications. They will ask questions to make sure that the patient is physically fit to withstand the procedure and will discuss his or her health history and family medical background in detail.
After the surgery, most patients experience minor discomfort, including swelling, bruising, and redness of the area. These symptoms usually go away within 24 hours. However, there are rare cases where surgery might cause more serious issues, such as infection, bleeding, or clotting of the blood. bleeding is usually minimal, but might occur more often after a small breast implantation or implant surgery.